The PD- PD-L immune checkpoint is a pivotal target for cancer immunotherapy Monoclonal antibodies mAbs targeting the PD- PD-L interaction have achieved clinical success but face limitations including high production costs suboptimal tumor penetration and potential immunogenicity To address these challenges we present the DNA-linked Inhibitor Antibody Assay DIANA a ...More |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

The PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint is a pivotal target for cancer immunotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have achieved clinical success but face limitations, including high production costs, suboptimal tumor penetration, and potential immunogenicity. To address these challenges, we present the DNA-linked Inhibitor Antibody Assay (DIANA)─a robust, high-throughput screening platform optimized for identifying and characterizing low-molecular-weight inhibitors of human PD-L1. DIANA integrates competitive binding with qPCR detection, enabling single-well determination of dissociation constants (Kd) and rapid screening of thousands of compounds. The assay was validated using three FDA-approved mAbs (atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab), the PD-L1-binding macrocyclic peptide WL12, and the native PD-1 receptor, yielding Kd values consistent with the literature. DIANA demonstrated a broad dynamic range spanning more than 4 orders of magnitude, excellent robustness (Z′-factor = 0.94), and high tolerance to DMSO (up to 10%). We applied DIANA to screen two libraries: a 5,280-compound in-house library (pooled format) and a 1,298-compound commercial peptidomimetic library (individual format). While very weak initial hits were detected, none were confirmed in follow-up manual (non-HTS) experiments or in an orthogonal cell-based assay. Nonetheless, DIANA’s sensitivity, scalability, and minimal sample requirements establish it as a powerful tool for accelerating the discovery of next-generation PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and overcoming key limitations of conventional screening methods. Less |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

Imidazolium LipidBrick cationic lipid nanoparticles LNPs provide a pH-independent alternative to conventional ionizable systems for nucleic acid delivery Through a high-throughput screen of formulations spanning eight imidazolium cores three helper lipids and varying PEG densities we found that more than half of the library outperformed the clinical ionizable benchmark ALC- ...More |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

Imidazolium LipidBrick® cationic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) provide a pH-independent alternative to conventional ionizable systems for nucleic acid delivery. Through a high-throughput screen of 1,944 formulations spanning eight imidazolium cores, three helper lipids, and varying PEG densities, we found that more than half of the library outperformed the clinical ionizable benchmark ALC-0315 in multiple representative mammalian cell types. Top-performing candidates showed robust cellular uptake, efficient endosomal escape, and strong transgene expression both in vitro and following intramuscular administration. A lead formulation (C3 LNP), incorporating an imidazolium lipid core bearing a hydroxyethyl substituent, with 30 mol% DOPE, achieved comparable intramuscular luciferase expression and antibody titers to ALC-0315, while eliciting ∼ 3-fold stronger ovalbumin-specific IFN-γ+ T-cell responses and maintaining low cytotoxicity. Machine-learning analysis of the dataset further distilled transferable design rules to inform future formulation strategies. Collectively, these findings establish cationic LipidBrick® LNPs as a versatile platform for mRNA delivery, offering a generalizable framework for the high-throughput discovery of ionization-independent systems that effectively prime adaptive immune responses. Less |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

Achieving high-resolution spatial tissue proteomes requires careful balancing and integration of optimized sample processing chromatography and MS acquisition Here we present an advanced cellenONE protocol for loss-reduced tissue processing and compare all Evosep ONE Whisper Zoom gradients and samples per day along with three common DIA acquisition schemes on a ...More |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

Achieving high-resolution spatial tissue proteomes requires careful balancing and integration of optimized sample processing, chromatography, and MS acquisition. Here, we present an advanced cellenONE protocol for loss-reduced tissue processing and compare all Evosep ONE Whisper Zoom gradients (20, 40, 80, and 120 samples per day), along with three common DIA acquisition schemes on a timsUltra AIP mass spectrometer. We found that tissue type was as important as gradient length and sample amount in determining proteome coverage. Moreover, the benefit of increased tissue sampling was gradient- and dynamic range-dependent. Analyzing mouse liver, a high dynamic range tissue, over tenfold more tissue sampling led to only ~30% gain in protein identification for short gradients (120 SPD and 80 SPD). However, even the lowest tested tissue amount (0.04 nL, 40,000 µm3) yielded 3,200 reproducibly quantified proteins for the 120 SPD method. Longer gradients (40 SPD and 20 SPD) instead significantly benefited from more tissue sampling, quantifying over 7,500 proteins from 0.5 nL of tonsil T-cell niches. Finally, we applied our workflow to a rare squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, uncovering disease-associated pathways and region-specific protein level changes. Our study demonstrates that more than 100 high-quality spatial tissue proteomes can be prepared and acquired daily, laying a strong foundation for cohort-size spatial tissue proteomics in translational research. Less |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

Prophages dormant bacteriophage genomes integrated within the bacterial chromosome play pivotal roles in shaping microbial communities when awakened Our current understanding of prophage activation is largely shaped by a narrow set of traditional DNA-damaging inducers such as mitomycin C and ciprofloxacin which trigger the bacterial SOS response This study employed ...More |Related Solutions: Tempest^®

Prophages, dormant bacteriophage genomes integrated within the bacterial chromosome, play pivotal roles in shaping microbial communities when awakened. Our current understanding of prophage activation is largely shaped by a narrow set of traditional DNA-damaging inducers, such as mitomycin C and ciprofloxacin, which trigger the bacterial SOS response. This study employed high-throughput screening of 3,921 compounds to identify novel prophage inducers using model lambdoid prophage HK97. We identified multiple new inducers across diverse pharmacological classes, including dietary supplements and therapeutics. Despite the variety in compounds, all acted through SOS-dependent pathways. However, bleomycin, an antineoplastic antibiotic, demonstrated broad-spectrum and potent prophage induction exceeding standard inducers, with activity validated across multiple phage-host pairings. These findings expand the repertoire of prophage inducers into commonly ingested xenobiotics and introduce bleomycin as a powerful, cost-effective tool for prophage research.
Around 75% of bacteria carry within them dormant viruses (prophages), which can awaken when the bacterium is stressed, killing the bacterium. Historically, this has been done using DNA-damaging antibiotics, but increasingly, more such signals have been discovered. Here, through a high-throughput screen, we identify phage-waking activity in several commonly consumed compounds, such as the SSRI Prozac, as well as a new DNA-damaging agent that is much more effective in waking phages than the previous gold standard. Less |Related Solutions: Tempest^®

ADP-ribosylation is an enzymatic process where an ADP-ribose moiety is transferred from NAD to an acceptor molecule While ADP-ribosylation is well-established as a post-translational modification of proteins rifamycin antibiotics are its only known small-molecule targets ADP-ribosylation of rifampicin was first identified in Mycolicibacterium smegmatis whose Arr enzyme transfers the ADP-ribose ...More |Related Solutions: Mantis^®

ADP-ribosylation is an enzymatic process where an ADP-ribose moiety is transferred from NAD+ to an acceptor molecule. While ADP-ribosylation is well-established as a post-translational modification of proteins, rifamycin antibiotics are its only known small-molecule targets. ADP-ribosylation of rifampicin was first identified in Mycolicibacterium smegmatis, whose Arr enzyme transfers the ADP-ribose moiety to the 23-hydroxy group of rifampicin preventing its interaction with the bacterial RNA polymerase thereby inactivating the antibiotic. Arr homologues are widely spread among bacterial species and present in several pathogenic species often associated with mobile genetic elements. Inhibition of Arr enzymes offers a promising strategy to overcome ADP-ribosylation mediated rifamycin resistance. We developed a high-throughput activity assay, which was applied to screen an in-house library of human ADP-ribosyltransferase-targeted compounds. We identified 15 inhibitors with IC50 values below 5 µM against four Arr enzymes from M. smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Mycobacteroides abscessus. The observed overall selectivity of the hit compounds over the other homologues indicated structural differences between the proteins. We crystallized M. smegmatis and P. aeruginosa Arr enzymes, the former in complex with its most potent hit compound with an IC50 value of 1.3 µM. We observed structural differences in the NAD+ binding pockets of the two Arr homologues explaining the selectivity. Although the Arr inhibitors did not sensitize M. smegmatis to rifampicin in a growth inhibition assay, the structural information and the collection of inhibitors provide a foundation for rational modifications and further development of the compounds. Less |Related Solutions: Mantis^®